How does the human performance technology (HPT) model of
instructional design compare to the ADDIE model? There is no doubt that the
ADDIE model contains the fundamental elements (analyze, design, develop,
implement, and evaluate) for other systematic training models. The most
commonly used conceptual model for systematic training is the ADDIE model
(Cowell, Hopkins, McWhorter, and Jorden, 2006).
The goal of both models is the same: to create efficient and effective
instruction that produces a desired result.
By definition (as cited in Chongwony, 2015), HPT is a
systematic approach to improving productivity and competences, uses a set of
methods and procedures- and a strategy for solving problems- for realizing opportunities
related to the performance of people. This model is commonly used to improve
performance in a work setting. The ADDIE model takes the instructional designer
through steps and processes to produce reliable instruction whereas HPT, as
stated by Chongwony, focuses on total performance environment to include
people, processes, and the environment. The model can be seen here.
The HPT process begins by analyzing the present and the
desired levels of individual and organizational performance to identify the
performance gap. Once the gap is identified, interventions are designed and
developed. Interventions may include restructuring job compensation,
redesigning a workstation, or designing a simple job aid- in addition to or in
place of training (Morrison, Ross, Kalman, and Kemp, 2013). Once the
interventions are implemented, the change process can be monitored. Just like
in ADDIE, evaluation is an ongoing process through each phase of the model. The
HPT model continues until the desired outcome is achieved.
I think the advantage of the HPT model is that it takes all
variables into consideration during the analysis phase. Sometimes the problem
isn’t training or instruction, it is having the right tools to do the job. That
was a problem I saw many times in the military. The mechanics were competent,
they just needed the right tool that was in a serviceable condition. Companies
that manufacture items or have systems for getting things done or customer
service departments could benefit from this model. The model is about improving
human performance and human performance technology will analyze the factors
(human or environmental) to improve that desired level of performance.
References
Chongwony, L. (2015). Why You Should Include Human Performance
Technology in Your Instructional Designs. Retrieved from http://engage.franklin.edu/i4/2015/02/18/why-you-should-include-human-performance-technology-in-your-instructional-designs/
